As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 16, 2007

Registration No. 333-145765

 

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form SB-2

Amendment No. 3

to

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

VIRNETX HOLDING CORPORATION

(Name of small business issuer in its charter)

 

5615 Scotts Valley Drive, Suite 110

Scotts Valley, California 95066

(831) 438-8200

(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices and principal place of business)

 

Kendall Larsen

Chief Executive Officer

VirnetX, Inc.

5615 Scotts Valley Drive, Suite 110

Scotts Valley, California 95066

(831) 438-8200

(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

 

Copies to:

 

 

 

 

 

Approximate date of proposed sale to the public:  As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:  o ­ ­

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:  o ­ ­

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:  o ­ ­

 

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box:  o

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box:  þ

 

 

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

 

 

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, this registration statement also covers such number of additional shares of common stock to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

 

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission acting pursuant to said Section 8(a) may determine.

 

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

This registration statement contains two prospectuses.

 

The first prospectus forming a part of this registration statement is to be used in connection with the underwritten public offering of 3,750,000 shares of common stock, on a post-split basis, including 450,000 shares subject to the underwriter’s over-allotment option and 300,000 shares subject to the warrant to be issued to the underwriter. The first prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note.

 

The second prospectus forming a part of this registration statement is to be used in connection with the resale by named stockholders and warrant holders of VirnetX Holding Corporation of up to 5,600,000 shares of common stock of VirnetX Holding Corporation, on a post-split basis.

 

The second prospectus will consist of:

 

 

 

 

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 16, 2007

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

 

VIRNETX HOLDING CORPORATION

 

3,000,000 Shares

Common Stock

 

 

 

 

We are offering 3,000,000 shares of our common stock.

 

Our common stock is quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “VNXH.” On October 30, 2007, the last reported sales price of our common stock as reported on the OTC Bulletin Board was $5.00 per share (on a post-split basis). We have applied for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market to take effect prior to the closing of the offering.

 

We have also registered by a separate prospectus the resale by our existing stockholders and warrant holders of up to 5,600,000 shares of our common stock.

 

 

 

 

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Please carefully consider the “Risk Factors” beginning on page 5 of this prospectus.

 

 

 

 

NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OR PASSED ON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

 

 

 

 

 

Our underwriter is offering these shares on a firm commitment basis and expects that delivery of shares will be made on or about          , 2007. We have granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to 450,000 additional shares (on a post-split basis) from us at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, to cover over-allotments. In addition, we will issue to the underwriter a warrant to purchase 300,000 shares (on a post-split basis) of our common stock. Both the underwriter’s over-allotment option and warrant are subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

 

Gilford Securities Incorporated

 

          , 2007

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

	•	“single-click” and “zero-click” security solutions for real-time communications; and
	•	“end-to-end” security for VoIP, video conferencing and other types of peer-to-peer collaboration without degradation in quality of service.

		For the Period
		August 2,
		2005
		(Date of Inception)				Year Ended				Nine Months Ended
		to December 31,				December 31,				September 30,
		2005				2006				2007
Total operating expenses:		$	882,478			$	1,407,675			$	4,571,749
Total other (income) expenses, net:			—				(6,336	)			(23,111	)
Net loss:		$	882,478			$	1,401,339			$	4,548,196

		As of				As of				As of
		December 31,				December 31,				September 30,
		2005				2006				2007
Cash and cash equivalents:		$	86,552			$	139,997			$	536,263
Total assets:		$	147,722			$	195,123			$	1,158,933
Accounts payable:		$	—			$	87,386			$	733,988
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit):		$	(82,278	)		$	107,737			$	424,945

Common stock offered by us		3,000,000 shares
Common stock to be outstanding after this offering		37,859,453 shares(1)
Use of proceeds		We intend to use the proceeds from the offering to fund the development of our products, to increase staffing, to fund our litigation efforts and for other general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds” for more information.
Risk Factors		Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Please carefully consider the “Risk Factors” beginning on page 5 of this prospectus.
OTC Bulletin Board symbol		VNXH. We have applied for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market to take effect prior to the closing of the offering.

(1)		The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering includes the sum of: (a) 31,217,198 shares of our common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2007; (b) 566,667 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of our warrants outstanding as of October 31, 2007, including 300,000 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrant to be issued to the underwriter in connection with this offering; and (c) 3,091,569 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of our options outstanding as of October 31, 2007. The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering assumes no exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option.

	•	“VirnetX” refers to VirnetX, Inc., a Delaware corporation;
	•	“VirnetX Holding Corporation (formerly PASW, Inc.)” refers to VirnetX Holding Corporation, a Delaware corporation, on and after our reincorporation which became effective on May 30, 2007 and name change which became effective on October 29, 2007, and refers to PASW, Inc., a California corporation, prior to that date;
	•	“the merger” refers to the merger which became effective on July 5, 2007, by and among VirnetX, VirnetX Holding Corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of VirnetX Holding Corporation, whereby VirnetX merged with, and became, a wholly-owned subsidiary of VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX Holding Corporation issued shares of its common stock to the stockholders of VirnetX as consideration for the merger; and
	•	“we,” “our,” “us” and “the company” refer to VirnetX Holding Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including VirnetX, collectively, on a consolidated basis after giving effect to the merger.

	•	we have completed a 1 for 3 reverse stock split, which became effective on October 29, 2007;
	•	no exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option; and
	•	no exercise of outstanding options and warrants exercisable for shares of our common stock consisting of the following:

	•	266,667 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of our warrants outstanding as of October 31, 2007;
	•	300,000 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrant to be issued to the underwriter in connection with this offering; and
	•	3,091,569 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of our options outstanding as of October 31, 2007.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

You should carefully consider the following material risks in addition to the other information set forth in this prospectus before making any investment in our common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business. If any of these risk factors occurs, you could lose substantial value or your entire investment in our stock.

 

Risks related to existing and future litigation

 

We have commenced legal proceedings against Microsoft, and we expect such litigation to be time-consuming and costly, which may adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to operate our business.

 

On February 15, 2007, we initiated a lawsuit by filing a complaint against Microsoft in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division, pursuant to which we allege that Microsoft infringes two of our patents regarding the creation of virtual private networks. We seek damages and injunctive relief. On April 5, 2007, we filed an amended complaint, pursuant to which we allege that Microsoft infringes a third patent. While these legal proceedings have just recently begun, we anticipate that they may continue for several months or years and may require significant expenditures for legal fees and other expenses. The time and effort of our management to effectively pursue the Microsoft lawsuit may adversely affect our ability to operate our business, since time spent on matters related to the lawsuit will take away from the time spent on managing and operating our business. Microsoft has counterclaimed for declarations that the three patents are not infringed are invalid and are unenforceable. If Microsoft’s counterclaims are successful, they may preclude our ability to commercialize our initial products. Additionally, we anticipate that our legal fees will be costly, which may negatively impact our financial condition.

 

While we believe Microsoft infringes our patents, we can provide no assurance that we will be successful in our lawsuit.

 

We believe that Microsoft infringes on three of our patents, but obtaining and collecting a judgment against Microsoft may be difficult. Patent litigation is inherently risky and the outcome is uncertain. Microsoft is a large, well-financed company with substantially greater resources. We believe that Microsoft will devote a substantial amount of resources in an attempt to prove that either their products do not infringe our patents or that our patents are not valid. At this time, we cannot predict the outcome of this litigation.

 

We are devoting a substantial amount of our financial and management resources to the Microsoft litigation, and if we are unsuccessful in this lawsuit, our financial condition may be so adversely affected, we may not survive.

 

Currently, we are devoting substantial time, effort and financial resources to our lawsuit against Microsoft. We are a development stage company with no finished product, and our business strategy depends greatly on obtaining a judgment in our favor from the courts and collecting such judgment before our financial resources are depleted. In the event we are not awarded and do not subsequently obtain monetary and injunctive relief, we may not have enough financial resources to continue our operations.

 

The burdens of being a public company may adversely affect our ability to pursue the Microsoft litigation.

 

As a public company, our management must devote a substantially greater amount of time, attention and financial resources to compliance with U.S. securities laws than was the case for VirnetX as a private company prior to the merger with VirnetX Holding Corporation. This shift in focus may have a material adverse affect on management’s ability to effectively pursue the Microsoft litigation as well as our other business initiatives. In addition, our disclosure obligations under U.S. securities laws require us to disclose information publicly that will be available to Microsoft as well as any other future litigation opponents. This information will enable our litigation opponents to develop more effective litigation strategies that are contrary to our interests. We may, from time to time, be required to disclose information that will have a material adverse affect on our litigation strategies.

We may commence additional legal proceedings against third parties who we believe are infringing on our intellectual property rights, and such legal proceedings may be costly and time-consuming.

 

We may have potential intellectual property infringement claims against other parties, in addition to our claims against Microsoft. If management decides to commence actions against any of these additional parties, doing so may be expensive and time-consuming, which may adversely affect our financial condition and operations. Moreover, there will be no assurance that we would be successful in these additional legal proceedings. Commencing lawsuits may lead to potential counterclaims which may preclude our ability to commercialize our initial products, which are currently in development.

 

Risks related to our business and our industry

 

Based on our historical financial statements, there is uncertainty as to our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

In the event that we are unable to achieve or sustain profitability or are otherwise unable to secure additional external financing, we may not be able to meet our obligations as they come due, raising substantial doubts as to our ability to continue as a going concern. Any such inability to continue as a going concern may result in our security holders losing their entire investment. Our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, contemplate that we will continue as a going concern and do not contain any adjustments that might result if we were unable to continue as a going concern. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our cash flow deficiencies raise substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern and our auditors have added an emphasis paragraph to their opinion raising a question of our ability to continue as a going concern. Also, changes in our operating plans, our existing and anticipated working capital needs, the acceleration or modification of our expansion plans, lower than anticipated revenues, increased expenses, or other events will all affect our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We anticipate incurring operating losses and negative cash flows in the foreseeable future resulting in uncertainty of future profitability and limitations on our operations.

 

We anticipate that we will incur operating losses and negative cash flows in the foreseeable future, and we will accumulate increasing deficits as we increase our expenditures for:

 

 

Any increases in our operating expenses will require us to achieve significant revenue before we can attain profitability. In the event that we are unable to achieve profitability or raise sufficient funding to cover our losses, we may not be able to meet our obligations as they come due, raising substantial doubts as to our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We will need additional capital to pursue our litigation strategy, conduct our operations and develop our products, and our ability to obtain the necessary funding is uncertain.

 

We will require significant additional capital resources from sources including equity and/or debt financings, license arrangements, grants and/or collaborative research arrangements in order to develop and commercialize our products and continue operations and we intend to raise such additional capital. Our current rate of expenditure is approximately $350,000 per month excluding capital expenditures. However, this rate of expenditure is expected to gradually increase to approximately $800,000 per month by 2009 due to, among other things, our anticipated need

to hire additional employees, lease additional office space and increase our research and development investment. If we raise additional equity capital our existing stockholders will experience dilution.

 

We are a development stage company with virtually no revenues currently and for the foreseeable future.

 

VirnetX is a development stage company with no revenues and VirnetX Holding Corporation has a very small amount of revenue from its Japan subsidiary under a single license agreement. On a consolidated basis, we have virtually no revenues and do not expect to generate additional revenues for the foreseeable future. We will need to raise additional equity financing to fund our operations and especially our litigation against Microsoft and there can be no assurance that we will be successful in doing so on acceptable terms or at all.

 

If we fail to meet our obligations to SAIC, we may lose our rights to key technologies on which our business depends.

 

Our business depends on our rights to and under the patents we obtained from SAIC. Our agreements with SAIC impose various obligations on us, including payment obligations and minimum royalties that we must pay to SAIC. If SAIC believes that we have failed to meet these obligations, SAIC could seek to limit or reacquire the assigned patent rights, which could lead to costly and time-consuming litigation and, potentially, a loss of our rights in these patents. During the period of any such litigation, our ability to carry out the development and commercialization of potential products could be significantly and negatively affected. If our rights in our patents were restricted or ultimately lost, our ability to continue our business based on the affected technology platform could be severely adversely affected.

 

Our business model is new and unproven, and therefore we can provide no assurance that we will be successful in pursuing it.

 

We intend to develop products to provide secure communication for IM and VoIP; however, this is not a defined market. Rather, it represents a new business model, for which there are no assurances that we will succeed in building a profitable business. We expect to depend on our intellectual property licensing fees for the majority of our revenues. Our ability to generate licensing fees is highly dependent on mainstream market adoption of real-time messaging and collaboration solutions based on session initiation protocol (better known as “SIP”). There can be no assurance that such adoption will occur. If we are unable to attract significant licensing fees, our operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.

 

We will rely on third parties for software and hardware development, manufacturing content and technology services.

 

We expect to rely on third party developers to provide software and hardware. If we experience problems with any of our third party technology or products, our customers’ satisfaction could be reduced, and our business could be adversely affected. In addition, we expect to rely on third parties to provide content through strategic relationships and other arrangements. If we experience difficulties in maintaining these relationships or developing new relationships on a timely basis and on terms favorable to us, our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

Malfunctions of third party hosting services could adversely affect their business, which may impede our ability to attract and retain strategic partners and customers.

 

The products we are developing will be highly dependent on internet traffic and reliability. To the extent the number of users of networks utilizing our future products suddenly increases, the technology platform and hosting services which will be required to accommodate a higher volume of traffic may result in slower response times or service interruptions. System interruptions or increases in response time could result in a loss of potential or existing users and, if sustained or repeated, could reduce the appeal of the networks to users. In addition, users depend on real time communication: outages caused by increased traffic could result in delays and system failures. These types of occurrences could cause users to perceive that our solution does not function properly and could therefore adversely affect our ability to attract and retain licensees, strategic partners and customers.

There has been increased competition in the “real-time” communications industry, as more companies seek to provide products and services similar to our proposed products and services, and because larger and better-financed competitors may affect our ability to operate our business and achieve profitability, our business may fail.

 

Competition for securing IM and VoIP services is intense. We are aware of similar products and services that will compete directly with our proposed products and services, and some of the companies developing these similar products and services are larger, better-financed companies that may develop products superior to our proposed products, which could create significant competitive advantages for those companies. Our future success depends on our ability to compete effectively with our competitors. As a result, we may have difficulty competing with larger, established competitor companies. Generally, these competitors have:

 

 

These competitors are likely to command a larger market share, which may enable them to establish a stronger competitive position, in part, through greater marketing opportunities. Further, our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in user preferences and to devote greater resources to developing and operating networks of affinity websites. These competitors may develop products or services that are comparable or superior. If we fail to address competitive developments quickly and effectively, we may not be able to remain a viable entity.

 

Our business model depends on our ability to successfully develop and operate our networks and deploy new offerings and technology.

 

There can be no assurances that we will not experience reliability problems in the future. Any reliability problems that adversely affect our ability to operate our networks would likely reduce revenues and restrict the growth of our business. Our future success will also depend in part on other factors, including, but not limited to, our ability to:

 

 

If we are unable to integrate and capitalize on new technologies and standards effectively, our business could be adversely affected.

 

Growth of internal operations and business may strain our financial resources.

 

We intend to significantly expand the scope of our operating and financial systems in order to build our business. Our growth rate may place a significant strain on our financial resources for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

 

 

The addition of new infrastructure services, networks, vertical categories and affinity websites and the attention they demand, on top of the attention demanded by our pending litigation with Microsoft, may also strain our management resources. We cannot give you any assurance that we will adequately address these risks and, if we do not, our ability to successfully expand our business could be adversely affected.

 

If we do not successfully develop our planned products and services in a cost-effective manner to meet customer demand in the rapidly evolving market for internet and IP-based communications services, our business may fail.

 

The market for communications services is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, changes in customer needs and frequent new service and product introductions. We are currently focused on developing products to provide security solutions for real-time communications. Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to use new technologies effectively, to continue to develop our technical expertise, to enhance our existing services and to develop new services that meet changing customer needs on a timely and cost-effective basis. We may not be able to adapt quickly enough to changing technology, customer requirements and industry standards. If we fail to use new technologies effectively, to develop our technical expertise and new services, or to enhance existing services on a timely basis, either internally or through arrangements with third parties, our product and service offerings may fail to meet customer needs, which would adversely affect our revenues and prospects for growth.

 

In addition, if we are unable, for technological, legal, financial or other reasons, to adapt in a timely manner to changing market conditions or customer requirements, we could lose customers, strategic alliances and market share. Sudden changes in user and customer requirements and preferences, the frequent introduction of new products and services embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards and practices could render our existing products, services and systems obsolete. The emerging nature of products and services in the technology and communications industry and their rapid evolution will require that we continually improve the performance, features and reliability of our products and services. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to:

 

 

The development of our planned products and services and other proprietary technology involves significant technological and business risks and requires substantial expenditures and lead time. We may be unable to use new technologies effectively. Updating our technology internally and licensing new technology from third-parties may also require us to incur significant additional capital expenditures.

 

Our business greatly depends on the development and growth of IM and VoIP.

 

The use of the internet for communications utilizing IM and VoIP is a recent development, and the continued demand and growth of a market for IM and VOIP services and products is uncertain. The internet may ultimately prove not to be a viable commercial marketplace for IM and VOIP services for a number of reasons, including:

 

 

 

While the use of IM has grown rapidly in personal and professional use, there can be no assurance that users will pay to secure their IM services.

 

Many services such as Microsoft, Yahoo! and AOL offer IM free of charge. However, security solutions for these services are not free, and users of IM may not want to pay for such security solutions. If users do not want to pay for the security solutions, we will have difficulty marketing and selling our products and technologies.

 

If the market for VoIP service does not develop as anticipated, our business would be adversely affected.

 

The success of our products that secure enterprise VoIP service depends on the growth in the number of VoIP users, which in turn depends on wider public acceptance of VoIP telephony. The VoIP communications medium is in its early stages and may not develop a broad audience. Potential new users may view VoIP as unattractive relative to traditional telephone services for a number of reasons, including the need to purchase computer headsets or the perception that the price advantage for VoIP is insufficient to justify the perceived inconvenience. Potential users may also view more familiar online communication methods, such as e-mail or IM, as sufficient for their communications needs. There is no assurance that VoIP will ever achieve broad public acceptance.

 

If our products do not gain market acceptance, we may not be able to fund future operations.

 

A number of factors may affect the market acceptance of our planned products or any other products we develop or acquire, including, among others:

 

 

If our products do not gain market acceptance, we may not be able to fund future operations, including the development of new product and/or our sales and marketing efforts for our current products, which inability would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

 

If we are not able to adequately protect our proprietary rights, our operations would be negatively impacted.

 

Our ability to compete largely depends on the superiority, uniqueness and value of our technology and intellectual property. To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties, and protective contractual provisions. Despite these efforts, any of the following may reduce the value of our intellectual property:

 

 

In addition, we may not be able to effectively protect our intellectual property rights in certain foreign countries where we may do business in the future or from which competitors may operate. While we have numerous

pending international patents, obtaining such patents will not necessarily protect our technology or prevent our international competitors from developing similar products or technologies. Our inability to adequately protect our proprietary rights would have a negative impact on our operations and revenues.

 

If we are forced to litigate to defend our intellectual property rights, or to defend claims by third parties against us relating to intellectual property rights, legal fees and court injunctions could adversely affect our financial condition or end our business.

 

Disputes regarding the ownership of technologies and intellectual property rights are common and likely to arise in the future. We have already begun legal proceedings against Microsoft to defend our intellectual property rights, and we may be forced to litigate against other competitors to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of other parties’ proprietary rights. Any such litigation could be very costly and could distract our management from focusing on operating our business. The existence and outcome of any such litigation could harm our business. Additionally, any such costs we incur to defend or protect our intellectual property rights could greatly impact our financial condition.

 

Further, we can give no assurances that infringement or invalidity claims (or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims) will not be asserted or prosecuted against us or that any such assertions or prosecutions will not materially adversely affect our business. Regardless of whether any such claims are valid or can be successfully asserted, defending against such claims could cause us to incur significant costs and could divert resources away from our other activities. In addition, assertion of infringement claims could result in injunctions that prevent us from distributing our products.

 

The laws governing online secure communications are largely unsettled, and if we become subject to various government regulations, costs associated with those regulations may materially adversely affect our business.

 

The current regulatory environment for our services remains unclear. We can give no assurance that our planned product offerings will be in compliance with local, state and/or U.S. Federal laws or other laws. Further, we can give no assurance that we will not unintentionally violate such laws or that such laws will not be modified, or that new laws will be enacted in the future which would cause us to be in violation of such laws.

 

VoIP services are not currently subject to all of the same regulations that apply to traditional telephony. It is possible that Congress and some state legislatures may seek to impose increased fees and administrative burdens on VoIP, data, and video providers. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission may seek to impose traditional telephony requirements such as disability access requirements, consumer protection requirements, number assignment and portability requirements, and other obligations. Such regulations could result in substantial costs depending on the technical changes required to accommodate the requirements, and any increased costs could erode the pricing advantage over competing forms of communication and adversely affect consumer adoption of VoIP products generally.

 

The use of the internet and private IP networks to provide voice, video and other forms of real-time, two-way communications services is a relatively recent development. Although the provisioning of such services is currently permitted by U.S. law and is largely unregulated within the United States, several foreign governments have adopted laws and/or regulations that could restrict or prohibit the provisioning of voice communications services over the internet or private IP networks. More aggressive domestic or international regulation of the internet in general, and internet telephony providers and services specifically, may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and future prospects, particularly if increased numbers of governments impose regulations restricting the use and sale of IP telephony services.

 

In addition to regulations addressing internet telephony and broadband services, other regulatory issues relating to the internet in general could affect our ability to provide our planned security solutions. Congress has adopted legislation that regulates certain aspects of the internet, including online content, user privacy, taxation, liability for third-party activities and jurisdiction. In addition, a number of initiatives pending in Congress and state legislatures would prohibit or restrict advertising or sale of certain products and services on the internet, which may have the effect of raising the cost of doing business on the internet generally.

Telephone carriers have petitioned governmental agencies to enforce regulatory tariffs, which, if granted, would increase the cost of online communication, and such increase in cost may impede the growth of online communication and adversely affect our business.

 

The growing popularity and use of secure communications has burdened the existing telecommunications infrastructures, and many high traffic areas have begun to experience interruptions in service. As a result, certain local telephone carriers have petitioned governmental agencies to enforce regulatory tariffs on IP telephony traffic that crosses over the traditional telephone networks. If any of these petitions or the relief that they seek is granted, the costs of communicating via online could increase substantially, potentially adversely affecting the growth in the use of online secure communications. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business.

 

If we expand into international markets, our inexperience outside the United States would increase the risk that our international expansion efforts will not be successful, which would in turn limit our prospects for growth.

 

We may explore expanding our business to other countries. Expansion into international markets requires significant management attention and financial resources. In addition, we may face the following risks associated with any expansion outside the United States:

 

 

These risks could harm our international expansion efforts, which would in turn harm our business prospects.

 

The departure of Kendall Larsen, our Chief Executive Officer and President, and/or other key personnel could compromise our ability to execute our strategic plan and may result in additional severance costs to us.

 

Our success largely depends on the skills, experience and efforts of our key personnel, including Kendall Larsen, our Chief Executive Officer and President. The loss of Mr. Larsen, or our failure to retain other key personnel, would jeopardize our ability to execute our strategic plan and materially harm our business.

 

We will need to recruit and retain additional qualified personnel to successfully grow our business.

 

Our future success will depend in part on our ability to attract and retain qualified operations, marketing and sales personnel as well as engineers. Inability to attract and retain such personnel could adversely affect the growth of our business. We expect to face competition in the recruitment of qualified personnel, and we can provide no assurance that we will attract or retain such personnel.

 

We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, compared to VirnetX’s historical operations as a private company.

 

As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that VirnetX did not incur as a private company. We expect the laws, rules and regulations governing public companies to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. Additionally, with the acquisition of VirnetX and the termination of our status as a shell company, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements.

In connection with an audit that was conducted of VirnetX, VirnetX’s independent auditors identified material weaknesses in VirnetX’s internal controls over financial reporting.

 

Prior to the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX, as a development stage, privately held company, VirnetX historically did not maintain formal or documented internal controls over financial reporting of the same character as is generally maintained by public companies. Prior to its preparations for the merger, VirnetX utilized the cash basis of accounting and was not required to have its financial statements audited or reviewed. Prior to the merger, VirnetX engaged independent auditors to audit its financial statements for certain prior periods. We have been informed that during the course of that audit, VirnetX’s independent auditors concluded that VirnetX’s internal controls over financial reporting suffer from certain “material weaknesses” as defined in standards established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Since VirnetX is now our wholly-owned subsidiary, the material weaknesses in VirnetX’s internal controls over financial reporting will likely result in our having material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting. We intend to commence a process of developing, adopting and implementing policies and procedures to address such material weaknesses that are consistent with those of small, public companies. However, that process may be time consuming and costly and there is no assurance as to when we will effectively address such material weaknesses.

 

Our inability to become compliant with the internal controls requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act could negatively affect our stock price and limit our ability to raise additional equity financing.

 

Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP, the independent audit firm retained to audit the 2005 and 2006 financial statements for our wholly-owned subsidiary and principal operating company, VirnetX, Inc., resigned on October 26, 2007. The reason for the resignation was concern that we would not become compliant with the internal controls requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act by December 31, 2007 and due to an insufficient quantity of experienced resources involved with the financial reporting and period closing process. We are not currently compliant with these internal controls requirements and there can be no assurance we will be successful in becoming compliant in time for Farber Hass Hurley & McEwen, LLP, our independent audit firm, to conclude we have no “material weaknesses” and are otherwise compliant when they perform their audit with respect to our 2007 financial statements. Our lack of compliance with internal controls requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act could negatively affect our stock price, make us less attractive to our stockholders, jeopardize our listing status with Nasdaq and limit our ability to raise additional equity financing through sales of our stock.

 

Risks related to our stock

 

Trading in our common stock is limited and the price of our common stock may be subject to substantial volatility.

 

Our common stock is traded on the OTC Bulletin Board, and therefore the trading volume is more limited and sporadic than if our common stock were traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market or a national stock exchange such as the American Stock Exchange. Although we have applied for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, there can be no assurance that we will remain listed on such exchange if accepted. Additionally, the price of our common stock may be volatile as a result of a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

 

Because ownership is concentrated, you and other investors will have minimal influence on stockholder decisions.

 

Our officers and directors will beneficially own a majority of the outstanding common stock after this offering. Our officers and directors will effectively control matters requiring stockholder approval, and you and other investors will have minimal influence over the election of directors or other stockholder actions. As a result, these officers and directors could approve or cause the Company to take actions of which you disapprove or that are contrary to your interests. This ability to exercise control over all matters requiring stockholder approval could prevent or significantly delay another company from acquiring or merging with us.

 

A significant number of shares of our stock will be registered for resale by certain stockholders and sales of those shares may drive down the price of our stock.

 

Prior to the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX, there were only 1,665,800 shares of VirnetX Holding Corporation common stock issued and outstanding and trading on the OTC Bulletin Board. Of the 31,217,198 shares of VirnetX Holding Corporation common stock that were issued and outstanding as of October 31, 2007, there are 5,600,000 shares (including 266,667 shares underlying outstanding warrants) that will be registered for resale upon the closing of this offering. The remaining shares will be eligible for resale under Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, on the first anniversary of the closing of the merger which occurred on July 5, 2007. The SEC currently has proposed amendments to Rule 144 which could make these shares eligible for resale as early as six months after the closing of the merger. Sales of these shares may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Our protective provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to successfully acquire us even if you would like to sell your shares to them.

 

We have a number of protective provisions that could delay, discourage or prevent a third party from acquiring the company without the approval of our Board of Directors. Our protective provisions include:

 

 

 

“Penny stock” regulations may impose certain restrictions on the marketability of our securities.

 

The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define a “penny stock” to be any equity security that has a price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions (including the issuer of the securities having net tangible assets (i.e., total assets less intangible assets and liabilities) in excess of $2,000,000 or average revenue of at least $6,000,000 for the last three years). As a result, our common stock could be subject to these rules that impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell our securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors (generally persons with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with their spouse). For transactions covered by these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchase of such securities and have received the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to the purchase. Additionally, for any transaction involving a “penny stock,” unless exempt, the rules require the delivery, prior to the transaction, of a risk disclosure document mandated by the SEC relating to the “penny stock” market. The broker-dealer must also disclose the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer’s presumed control over the market. Finally, monthly statements must be sent disclosing recent price information for the “penny stock” held in the account and information on the limited market in “penny stocks.” Consequently, although the “penny stock” rules do not currently apply to our securities, if these rules do become applicable in the future, this may restrict the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities.

 

Securities analysts may not cover our common stock and this may have a negative impact on our common stock’s market price.

 

The trading market for our common stock may depend on the research and reports that securities analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. There is no guarantee that securities analysts will cover our common stock. If securities analysts do not cover our common stock, the lack of research coverage may adversely affect our common stock’s market price, if any. If we are covered by securities analysts, and our stock is downgraded, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases to cover us or fails to publish regularly reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

 

You will incur immediate substantial dilution by purchasing securities in this offering.

 

The public offering price applicable to the common stock is expected to be substantially higher than the book value per share of the common stock before the offering. By purchasing securities in this offering you will incur immediate substantial dilution. See “Dilution.”

 

We may seek to raise additional funds, finance acquisitions or develop strategic relationships by issuing capital stock that would dilute your ownership.

 

We have financed our operations, and we expect to continue to finance our operations, acquisitions and develop strategic relationships, by issuing equity or convertible debt securities, which could significantly reduce the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders. Furthermore, any newly issued securities could have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our existing stock. Moreover, any issuances by us of equity securities may be at or below the prevailing market price of our stock and in any event may have a dilutive impact on your ownership interest, which could cause the market price of stock to decline.

We may also raise additional funds through the incurrence of debt, and the holders of any debt we may issue would have rights superior to your rights in the event we are not successful and are forced to seek the protection of the bankruptcy laws.

 

We have no current intention of declaring or paying any cash dividends on our common stock.

 

We do not plan to declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock. Our current policy is to retain all funds and any earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business.

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect” and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. These risks are not exhaustive. Other sections of this prospectus include additional factors which could adversely impact our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We cannot assure you that the events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We intend to use the proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes, including working capital, funding our litigation efforts and other general and administrative expenses. We have not identified the amounts we plan to spend on each of these areas or the timing of expenditures. Pending specific application of the net proceeds, we plan to invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment grade, interest-bearing securities.

 

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

We have not in the past paid, and do not expect for the foreseeable future to pay, dividends on our common stock. Instead, we anticipate that all of our earnings, if any, in the foreseeable future will be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes. Any future determination to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and contractual restrictions.

 

DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE

 

The offering price for the shares to be sold in this offering was determined in discussions between the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, certain of the Company’s major stockholders and the underwriter. Because the Company’s stock is somewhat illiquid, the price was not determined with reference to the market price of the stock as quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. The Company believes that the offering price represents a fair value for the Company’s shares of common stock.

 

DILUTION

 

All of the share and per share data presented below, unless explicitly stated otherwise, is shown on a post-split basis after giving effect to a 1 for 3 reverse stock split, which became effective on October 29, 2007. At December 31, 2006, pro forma net tangible book value was $429,512, or $0.01 per share. Pro forma net tangible book value per share represents our pro forma net tangible assets less liabilities divided by the pro forma shares of common stock outstanding.

 

After giving effect to our sale of 3,000,000 shares of common stock and our receipt of an estimated $10,200,000 of net proceeds from the offering, based on an assumed offering price of $4.00 per share, which is the minimum price necessary for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, pro forma adjusted net tangible book value at December 31, 2006 would have been $0.31 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $0.30 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $3.69 per share of common stock to new investors purchasing units in the offering. The following table illustrates per share dilution:

 

 

The following table sets forth, on a pro forma basis as of December 31, 2006, the number of shares (on a post-split basis) of common stock purchased from VirnetX and VirnetX Holding Corporation, the total consideration paid to VirnetX and VirnetX Holding Corporation and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and new investors purchasing units in the offering, before deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses:

 

 

The information for existing stockholders in the table above excludes shares and warrants issuable upon exercise of outstanding options and warrants, including the underwriter’s warrant to purchase shares and exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option. To the extent that currently outstanding options or warrants are exercised at prices below $4.00 per share, there will be further dilution to new investors.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Except for the historical information contained herein, the discussions in this section contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed below. See “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of these risks and uncertainties.

 

Recent Events

 

On July 5, 2007 VirnetX, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“VirnetX”), entered into a binding agreement and plan of merger with VirnetX Holding Corporation, a Delaware corporation (formerly, PASW, Inc.). Under the terms of the agreement, on July 5, 2007, VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX consummated a reverse triangular merger in which VirnetX Holding Corporation’s wholly-owned acquisition subsidiary merged with and into VirnetX with VirnetX as the surviving corporation to the merger. As a result of the merger, VirnetX became a wholly-owned subsidiary of VirnetX Holding Corporation and the pre-merger stockholders of VirnetX exchanged their shares in VirnetX for shares of common stock of VirnetX Holding Corporation. The key terms of the merger include the following:

 

 

In light of the foregoing, for accounting purposes, VirnetX has been treated as the acquiror of VirnetX Holding Corporation under a reverse merger.

 

Company Overview

 

VirnetX Holding Corporation’s predecessor corporation was incorporated in the State of California in November 1992. VirnetX Holding Corporation was incorporated in the State of Delaware in April 2007 and on May 30, 2007 we filed a certificate of merger in Delaware pursuant to which we changed our domicile from California to Delaware. From inception until January 2003, we engaged in the business of developing and licensing software that enabled internet and web based communications. As of January 31, 2003, we sold all of our operating assets, and since such time our only source of revenue has been derived from nominal royalties payable to our wholly-owned Japan subsidiary, Network Research Corp. Japan, Ltd. pursuant to the terms of a single license agreement. In addition to our Japan subsidiary, we have three other wholly-owned subsidiaries, two of which are California corporations and the other of which is incorporated under the laws of the United Kingdom. These other subsidiaries are currently inactive. We had substantially no day to day operations since we sold all of our operating assets on January 31, 2003.

VirnetX was incorporated in the state of Delaware on August 2, 2005. VirnetX is a development stage company that is actively developing solutions for secure real-time communications such as instant messaging, or “IM,” and voice over internet protocol, or “VoIP,” in order to commercialize its patent portfolio in this area.

 

VirnetX acquired certain patents in 2006 from SAIC, pursuant to an assignment by SAIC to VirnetX of all of SAIC’s right, title and interest in and to such patents. VirnetX has granted SAIC an exclusive, royalty-free and perpetual license under these patents outside of VirnetX’s field of use. VirnetX has, and retains, all right, title and interest to these patent rights within VirnetX’s field of use, which consists of secure communications in areas of virtual private networks, or “VPNs,” VoIP, e-mail, video conferencing, communications logging, dynamic URLs, denial of service, prevention of functional intrusions, IP hopping, voice messaging and unified messaging, live voice and IP PBXs, voice web video conferencing and collaboration, IM, minimized impact of viruses and secure session initiation protocol, or “SIP.” This field of use is not limited by any predefined transport mode or medium of communication (e.g., wire, fiber, wireless, or mixed medium). VirnetX’s patents embrace a set of functions relating to domain name system, or “DNS,” based security mechanisms for real-time communication.

 

VirnetX is in the development stage and consequently is subject to the risks associated with development stage companies, including the need for additional financings; the uncertainty of our intellectual property resulting in successful commercial products as well as the marketing and customer acceptance of such products; competition from larger organizations; dependence on key personnel; uncertain patent protection; and dependence on corporate partners and collaborators. To achieve successful operations, we will require additional capital to continue research and development and marketing efforts. No assurance can be given as to the timing or ultimate success of obtaining future funding.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

VirnetX identifies and records impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset might not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the anticipated future net undiscounted cash flows to the related assets’ carrying value. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the projected discounted future net cash flows arising from the asset.

 

Income Taxes

 

VirnetX accounts for income taxes under the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Carrying amounts of the VirnetX’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

VirnetX accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” (“SFAS 123(R)”) which requires the

measurement and recognition of compensation expense in the statement of operations for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options based on estimated fair values. Using the modified retrospective transition method of adopting SFAS 123(R), the herein financial statements presented reflect compensation expense for stock-based awards as if the provisions of SFAS 123(R) had been applied from the date of inception.

 

In addition, as required by Emerging Issues Task Force Consensus No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services, VirnetX records stock and options granted to non-employees at fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity investments issued as they vest over the performance period.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements” (better known as “SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those years. We are currently assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS 157 may have on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities” (better known as “SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 provides entities with the option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Business entities adopting SFAS 159 will report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date on items for which fair value option has been selected. SFAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 requires additional information that will help investors and other financial statement users to understand the effect of an entity’s choice to use fair value on its earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier adoption permitted. VirnetX is currently assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS 159 may have on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Operations

 

The Company is in the development stage and has raised capital since its inception through the issuance of its equity securities. As of September 30, 2007, the Company had approximately $536,263 in cash and $405,384 in prepaid expenses and other current assets.

 

The Company has generated only nominal revenue from operations of $46,664 during the period from July 5, 2007 (the closing date of the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX) to September 30, 2007. The Company had expenses for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2007 of $6,891,902, including research and development expenses of $1,078,427 and general and administrative expenses of $5,813,475.

 

Net cash used in operating activities for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2007 was approximately $5,336,974, which primarily reflected a net loss of $6,862,013, an increase to cash from an adjustment for stock-based compensation of $1,360,321, a decrease to cash from a change in prepaid expenses of $577,926 and an increase to cash from a change in accounts payable of $733,988. We expect net cash used in operating activities to increase going forward as we pursue additional product development and enforcement of our patent rights.

 

Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $52,177 for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2007, for the purchase of property and equipment.

 

Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $5,925,414 for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2007, which consisted primarily of net proceeds received from the issuance of preferred stock and the issuance of convertible notes.

The process of developing new security solutions is inherently complex, time-consuming, expensive and uncertain. We must make long-term investments and commit significant resources before knowing whether our development programs will result in products that will achieve market acceptance. Product candidates that may appear to be promising at all stages of development may not reach the market for a number of reasons. Product candidates may be found ineffective or may take longer to progress through the beta trials than had been anticipated, may not be able to achieve the pre-defined endpoint due to changes in the environment, may fail to receive necessary approvals, may prove impracticable to manufacture in commercial quantities at reasonable cost and with acceptable quality, or may fail to achieve market acceptance. For these reasons, we are unable to predict the period in which material net cash inflows will commence with respect to our security products under development.

 

From inception, VirnetX’s development efforts have been focused on our security products.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Research and development costs include expenses paid to outside development consultants and compensation-related expenses for our engineering staff. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

 

VirnetX’s research and development expenses increased significantly from $56,000 for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2005 to $554,187 for the full year ended December 31, 2006, to $468,240 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2007 primarily as a result of increased engineering activities for product development. We expect research and development expenses to increase significantly as employees are hired to provide in-house research and development while we continue to use outside contractors for additional product development on a limited basis.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses include management and administrative personnel, as well as outside legal, accounting, and consulting services.

 

VirnetX’s general and administrative expenses increased from $826,478 for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2005, to $853,488 for the full year ended December 31, 2006. VirnetX’s general and administrative expenses increased from $555,656 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 to $4,103,509 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2007. We expect general and administrative expenses to further increase significantly as outside counsel fees ramp up in connection with our patent infringement lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation and as outside counsel and accounting fees increase due to the significantly higher costs associated with becoming a public company and the associated expenses for reporting and other securities law compliance activities.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Since inception, VirnetX has financed its operations principally through private issuances of common and preferred stock. We expect to finance future cash needs primarily through proceeds from equity or debt financings, loans, and/or collaborative agreements with corporate partners. We have used the net proceeds from the sale of common and preferred stock for general corporate purposes, which has included funding research and development, litigation efforts and working capital needs.

 

We anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with the proceeds of this offering, will be sufficient to fund operations for at least the next 12 months. We expect that the net proceeds of this offering of $10,200,000, based on an assumed public offering price of $4.00 per share, which is the minimum price necessary for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, will be adequate to fund our operations for approximately the next 24 months based on our projected monthly requirements. Our current cash requirement to fund our operations is approximately $350,000 per month, which we expect to gradually increase to approximately $800,000 per month by 2009. We anticipate our projected monthly requirements to increase significantly due to the following:

 

 

 

To obtain additional capital when needed, we will evaluate alternative financing sources, including, but not limited to, the issuance of equity or debt securities, corporate alliances, joint ventures and licensing agreements; however, there can be no assurance that funding will be available on favorable terms, if at all. We cannot assure you that we will successfully commercialize our products under development or that our products, if successfully developed, will generate revenues sufficient to enable us to earn a profit. If we are unable to obtain additional capital, management may be required to explore alternatives to reduce cash used by operating activities, including the termination of development efforts that may appear to be promising, the sale of certain assets, possibly including our patent portfolio, and the reduction in overall operating activities.

 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

At September 30, 2007, VirnetX did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements except for operating lease commitments discussed in the notes to the financial statements.

 

BUSINESS

 

Corporate Overview and History

 

Our predecessor corporation was incorporated in the State of California in November 1992. We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in April 2007 and on May 30, 2007 we filed a certificate of merger in Delaware pursuant to which we changed our domicile from California to Delaware. On October 29, 2007, we changed our name from PASW, Inc. to VirnetX Holding Corporation. From our inception until January 2003, we were engaged in the business of developing and licensing software that enabled internet and web based communications. As of January 31, 2003, we sold all of our operating assets, and since such time our only source of revenue has been derived from nominal royalties payable to our wholly-owned Japan subsidiary, Network Research Corp. Japan, Ltd. pursuant to the terms of a single license agreement. In addition to our Japan subsidiary, we have three other wholly-owned subsidiaries, two of which are California corporations and the other of which is incorporated under the laws of the United Kingdom. These other subsidiaries are currently inactive. We have had substantially no day to day operations since we sold all of our operating assets on January 31, 2003. We acquired VirnetX as a wholly-owned subsidiary on July 5, 2007 and ceased being a shell company. Additionally, pursuant to the merger with VirnetX, we experienced a change in control, with the former securityholders of VirnetX acquiring control of VirnetX Holding Corporation.

 

VirnetX was incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2005. It is a development stage company that was formed to commercialize a patent portfolio for providing solutions for secure real-time communications such as instant messaging, or “IM,” and voice over internet protocol, or “VoIP.” VirnetX acquired certain patents from Science Applications International Corporation, a systems, solutions and technical services company based in San Diego, California (better known as “SAIC”) and in February 2007 commenced a lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation alleging infringement of three of our patents.

 

Principal Products and Services

 

Technology and Solutions Business

 

Our primary strategy for our technology and solutions business is to commercialize our patented technology in the area of secure real-time communication. We are developing technology for:

 

 

In addition, we expect to continue to generate nominal royalties payable to our Japan subsidiary pursuant to the terms of a single license agreement. This license agreement was entered into in 1994 and, pursuant to its terms, it automatically renews on an annual basis unless either party terminates as a result of a breach by the other party or the licensee going out of business.

 

Contract Services Business

 

Our primary strategy for our contract services business is to leverage our research and development group to provide contract research, prototyping, systems integration and technical services to numerous branches of the U.S. Federal government, network service providers and other OEM partners. Our team is staffed with nationally accredited scientists who have experience with research and development projects concerning industry-wide security solutions as well as national security. We intend to provide these contract services to assist the research and development efforts of our corporate and OEM developers by providing outsourced research, deployment and testing services designed to secure and simplify networks.

 

We believe that the revenue generated by our contract services business will eventually partially offset the costs of our technology and solutions business and will provide us with the opportunity to generate future strategic relationships and licensing opportunities. We also anticipate that future contract services projects will enable us to develop promising new technologies that can be commercialized through our technology and solutions business.

Marketing and Sales

 

We do not anticipate launching any new products in the marketplace until late 2007 at the earliest. We intend to partner with hardware and software manufacturers and network operators to operationalize and commercialize our products.

 

Our contract services business expects to generate new customers primarily through professional relationships and referrals.

 

Customers and Distribution

 

We are a development stage company with significant investments in research and development, and we currently do not sell or distribute any of our products. We expect that our contract services customers will consist primarily of the U.S. Federal government, network service providers and other OEM companies. Our contract services business has targeted five customers who we expect will represent more than 80% of our future contract services revenue for the foreseeable future.

 

We have made a strategic decision to selectively limit new customers in our contract services business in order to focus on the development of new products in our technology and solutions business.

 

Competition

 

The enterprise telephony market has transitioned from being circuit-switched to packet switched in large part to eliminate the requirement of running separate voice and data networks. The IP telephony industry conceived session initiation protocol (better known as “SIP”) to improve the setup and handling of telephone calls, and computer technologists have quickly adopted SIP as a protocol to simplify all forms of real-time communications. The rapid market adoption of SIP has created the need to secure SIP before it can reach the global mainstream.

 

SIP is a growing protocol used for real-time communication, and we anticipate that SIP will represent a significant portion of the worldwide IP telephony market over the next five years. It has become the basis for ’next generation networks’ for unified messaging and communication. SIP uses existing protocols and services, including domain name system, or “DNS,” real-time transport protocol, or “RTP,” the session description protocol, or “SDP,” and transport layer security, or “TLS.”

 

A number of vendors are providing solutions for secure real-time communications. These solutions can be grouped under three main categories:

 

 

We believe our technology and solutions business will compete primarily against these disparate add-on security solution providers. We believe our products will allow our OEM partners to integrate transparent and always on, end-to-end security directly into their unified messaging and communications solutions.

 

Our contract services business competes primarily against in-house research and development departments of network service providers and other OEM vendors.

Intellectual Property and Patent Rights

 

Our intellectual property is primarily comprised of trade secrets, proprietary know-how, issued and pending patents and technological innovation.

 

We have 10 issued U.S. and 4 issued foreign patents, and pending U.S. and foreign patent applications including certain patent applications which VirnetX originally acquired from SAIC. The term of the issued U.S. and foreign patents runs through 2019. Our patents embrace a unique set of functions relating to domain name system, or “DNS,”-based security mechanisms for real-time communication. If we believe that a third party is infringing on our intellectual property rights, we may negotiate with it in an attempt to terminate its infringement. If negotiation is unsuccessful or if we believe that legal action is more appropriate, we may bring a legal action against any party we believe to be infringing on our intellectual property rights so that we may properly protect our rights.

 

Assignment of Patents

 

Most of our issued patents were originally acquired from SAIC pursuant to the Assignment Agreement by and between VirnetX and SAIC dated December 21, 2006, and the Patent License and Assignment Agreement by and between VirnetX and SAIC dated August 12, 2005, as amended on November 2, 2006, including documents prepared pursuant to the November amendment. VirnetX recorded the assignment from SAIC with the U.S. Patent Office on December 21, 2006.

 

Key terms of these agreements are as follows:

 

Patent Assignment.  SAIC unconditionally and irrevocably conveyed, transferred, assigned and quitclaimed all its right, title and interest in and to the patents and patent applications, as specifically set forth on Exhibit A to the assignment document recorded with the U.S. Patent Office, including, without limitation, the right to sue for past infringement.

 

License to SAIC Outside the Field of Use.  We granted to SAIC an exclusive, royalty free, fully paid, perpetual, worldwide, irrevocable, sublicensable and transferable right and license permitting SAIC and its assignees to make, have made, import, use, offer for sale, and sell products and services covered by, and to make improvements to, the patents and patent application we acquired from SAIC, solely outside our field of use. We have, and retain, all right, title and interest to all our patents within our field of use. Our field of use is defined as the field of secure communications in the following areas: virtual private networks (or “VPNs”); secure voice over internet protocol (or “VoIP”); electronic mail (or “e-mail”); video conferencing; communications logging; dynamic uniform resource locators (or “URLs”); denial of service; prevention of functional intrusions; IP hopping; voice messaging and unified messaging; live voice and IP PBXs; voice web video conferencing and collaboration; instant messaging (or “IM”); minimized impact of viruses; and secure session initiation protocol (or “SIP”). Our field of use is not limited by any predefined transport mode or medium of communication (e.g., wire, fiber, wireless, or mixed medium).

 

Compensation Obligations.  As consideration for the assignment of the patents, we are required to make payments to SAIC based on the revenue generated from our ownership or use of the patents assigned to us by SAIC.

 

 

 

Reversion to SAIC Upon Breach or Default.  We must convey, transfer, assign and quitclaim to SAIC all of our right, title and interest in and to the patents or patent applications we acquired from SAIC, upon the first occurrence of the following reversion events:

 

 

If a reversion event occurs due to our failure to pay SAIC an aggregate cumulative amount of at least $7,500,000 within seven years after January 1, 2007, then we will receive from SAIC a non-exclusive license to the reverting patents in our field of use.

 

Rights to Bring and Control Actions for Infringement and Enforcement.  In addition to the right to bring and control any action or proceeding with respect to infringement or enforcement of our patents in our field of use, we also have the first right to negotiate with or bring a lawsuit against any and all third parties for purposes of enforcing our patents, regardless of the field of use, provided, however, that we have such right to negotiate with or bring a lawsuit against certain alleged infringing companies up to and through November 2, 2007.

 

Security Agreement.  We granted SAIC a security interest in some of our intellectual property, including the patents and patent applications we obtained from SAIC patents, to secure our payment obligations to SAIC described above.

Litigation

 

We believe Microsoft Corporation is infringing certain of our patents. Accordingly, we commenced a lawsuit against Microsoft on February 15, 2007 by filing a complaint in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. Pursuant to the complaint, we allege that Microsoft infringes two of our U.S. patents: U.S. Patent No. 6,502,135 B1, entitled “Agile Network Protocol for Secure Communications with Assured System Availability,” and U.S. Patent No. 6,839,759 B2, entitled “Method for Establishing Secure Communication Link Between Computers of Virtual Private Network Without User Entering Any Cryptographic Information.” On April 5, 2007, we filed an amended complaint specifying certain accused products at issue and alleging infringement of a third, recently issued U.S. patent: U.S. Patent No. 7,188,180 B2, entitled “Method for Establishing Secure Communication Link Between Computers of Virtual Private Network.” We are seeking both damages, in an amount subject to proof at trial, and injunctive relief. Microsoft answered the amended complaint and asserted counterclaims against us on May 4, 2007. Microsoft counterclaimed for declarations that the three patents are not infringed, are invalid and are unenforceable. Microsoft seeks an award of its attorneys’ fees and costs. We filed a reply to Microsoft’s counterclaims on May 24, 2007. Discovery has begun and the trial is scheduled to begin on October 12, 2009. We have served our infringement contentions directed to certain of Microsoft’s operating system and unified messaging and collaboration applications.

 

Because we have determined that Microsoft’s alleged unauthorized use of our patents would cause us severe economic harm and the failure to cause Microsoft to discontinue its use of such patents could result in the termination of our business, we have dedicated a significant portion of our economic resources, to date, to the prosecution of the Microsoft litigation and expect to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.

 

Although we believe Microsoft infringes three of our patents and we intend to vigorously prosecute this case, at this stage of the litigation the outcome cannot be predicted with any degree of reasonable certainty. Additionally, the Microsoft litigation will be costly and time-consuming, and we can provide no assurance that we will obtain a judgment against Microsoft for damages and/or injunctive relief. Should the District Court issue a judgment in favor of Microsoft, and in connection with such judgment determine that we had acted in bad faith or with fraudulent intent, or we were otherwise found to have exhibited inequitable conduct, the Court could award attorney fees to Microsoft, which would be payable by the Company.

 

In the near term, we will dedicate significant time and resources to the Microsoft litigation. The risks associated with such dedication of time and resources are set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus.

 

One or more potential intellectual property infringement claims may also be available to us against certain other companies who have the resources to defend against any such claims. Although we believe these potential claims are worth pursuing, commencing a lawsuit can be expensive and time-consuming, and there is no assurance that we will prevail on such potential claims. In addition, bringing a lawsuit may lead to potential counterclaims which may preclude our ability to commercialize our initial products, which are currently in development.

 

Research and Development

 

We are currently involved in basic research at our office located in Scotts Valley, California and through personnel based in Sterling, Virginia. We are focused on developing new techniques for automatic and transparent real-time communication security. We have invested approximately $56,000 in 2005, $554,187 in 2006 and $268,178 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2007 on research and development relating to our proposed products.

 

Additionally, we conduct some of our product development through the use of outsourced development partners. Our current development projects are derived from strategic relationships with other companies. We anticipate developing other new products through a combination of licensing, acquisitions and our discovery research activities.

Products in Development

 

We intend for our products to be available as object libraries for easy integration into enterprise VoIP, conference calling, IM, file transfer, application sharing, whiteboard, video conference and other real-time collaboration systems solutions.

 

We currently have two principal products in development:

 

 

We intend to commercialize our existing technology by designing, manufacturing and marketing products incorporating our technology and by partnering with other companies whose products incorporate our technology. In addition, we intend to leverage our outstanding team of scientists to continue to develop promising new technologies.

 

Government Regulation

 

The laws governing online secure communications remain largely unsettled, even in areas where there has been legislative action. It may take years to determine whether and how existing laws governing intellectual property, privacy and libel apply to online media. Such legislation may interfere with the growth in use of online secure communications and decrease the acceptance of online secure communications as a viable solution, which could adversely affect our business.

 

Due to the internet’s popularity and increasing use, new laws regulating secure communications may be adopted. These laws and regulations may cover, among other things, issues relating to privacy, pricing, taxation, telecommunications over the internet, content, copyrights, distribution and quality of products and services. We intend to comply with all new laws and regulations as they are adopted.

 

Employees

 

As of October 31, 2007, we had eight full-time employees and one part time employee.

 

Facilities

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 5615 Scotts Valley Drive, Suite 110, Scotts Valley, California 95066, which property we lease for $1,243.75 per month until March 31, 2008. We have no other properties.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth the respective names, ages and positions of each of our directors, and executive officers as of October 31, 2007. There are no family relationships between any of the persons named below. All of our directors were elected to the Board of Directors on July 5, 2007, and their terms run until our annual meeting of stockholders in 2008.

 

 

Kendall Larsen.  Mr. Larsen has been our President, Chief Executive Officer and a director since July 5, 2007 and has held the same positions with VirnetX since its inception in August 2005. From April 2003 to July 2005, Mr. Larsen focused on pre-incorporation activities related to VirnetX. From April 2002 to April 2003, Mr. Larsen was a Limited Partner at Osprey Ventures, L.P., a venture fund that makes investments primarily in business and consumer technology companies. From October 2000 to April 2002, he was Senior Vice President and General Manager of the Security Products Division of Phoenix Technologies Ltd., a software and firmware developer. Prior to March 2003, and for a period of over 20 years, Mr. Larsen has held senior executive positions at various leading technology companies, including RSA Security, Inc., Xerox Corporation, Rolm/International Business Machines Corporation, Novell, Inc., General Magic, Inc., and Ramp Networks. Mr. Larsen holds a B.S. in Economics from the University of Utah.

 

William E. Sliney.  Mr. Sliney has been our Chief Financial Officer on an interim and part-time basis since July 5, 2007. Prior to that time, Mr. Sliney served as our President from August 2001, Chief Financial Officer from April 1999 and Secretary from December 2001. He also served as our Chairman of the Board from October 2000 to August 2001 and was a member of our Board of Directors from October 2000 to July 5, 2007. He was also a director of Enterra Energy Trust (NYSE: ENT), an oil and gas trust based in Calgary, Alberta that acquires, operates, and exploits petroleum and natural gas assets in Canada and in the United States, from January 2002 to March 2006. Before joining us, Mr. Sliney was the Chief Financial Officer of Legacy Software Inc. from 1995 to 1998. From 1993 to 1994, Mr. Sliney was Chief Executive Officer of Gump’s, a high end department store retailer based in San Francisco. Mr. Sliney received an M.B.A. from the Anderson School at UCLA.

 

Edmund C. Munger.  Mr. Munger has been a director since July 5, 2007. He has been the Chief Technology Officer of VirnetX since July 2006 and a director of VirnetX since July 2006. From July 1987 to June 2006, Mr. Munger held various positions including Associate Division Manager, Division Manager, Chief System Architect and Assistant Vice President at Science Applications International Corporation (“SAIC”) (NYSE: SAI), a leading provider of services and solutions to all branches of the U.S. military, agencies of the Department of Defense, the intelligence community, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and other U.S. government civil agencies, as well as to customers in selected commercial markets. Mr. Munger is named as a co-inventor on all patents in the VirnetX patent portfolio. Mr. Munger received a M.S. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from MIT and a B.S. in Naval Science from the United States Naval Academy.

 

Thomas M. O’Brien.  Mr. O’Brien has been a director since July 5, 2007. He has been Senior Vice President of Reit Management & Research LLC, an institutional manager of real estate, public real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and other public companies, since May 2006 and served as a Vice President of that company from May 1996 to April 2006. During the last five years, Mr. O’Brien has held various positions with public entities managed by Reit Management or its affiliates, including serving as: (i) Chief Executive Officer and President of TravelCenters of America LLC (AMEX: TA), since February 2007 and a Managing Director since October 2006; (ii) Chief Executive Officer and President of RMR Funds, a group of publicly traded closed-end investment management companies which invest in equity and fixed income securities in the U.S. and international real estate, hospitality

and finance sectors, from 2003 to May 2007; and (iii) Executive Vice President of Hospitality Properties Trust (NYSE: HPT), a REIT that invests in hotels and travel centers, from 2002 to 2003 and Chief Financial Officer from 1996 to 2002. From 1988 to 1996, Mr. O’Brien was a senior manager with Arthur Andersen LLP where he served a number of public company clients. Mr. O’Brien graduated cum laude from the University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School of Business, with a B.S. in Economics.

 

Michael F. Angelo.  Mr. Angelo has been a director since July 5, 2007. He has been a Senior Architect at NetIQ Corporation since August 2005. From October 2003 to August 2005, Mr. Angelo was a Security Architect and Manager, Government Engagements SBU with Microsoft Corporation. From July 1989 to October 2003, Mr. Angelo was a Staff Fellow at both Hewlett Packard Company and Compaq Computer Corp. Mr. Angelo also served as Senior Systems Programmer at the John von Neumann National Supercomputer Center from September 1985 to July 1989. He was a Sub-Chairman of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Board of Assessment for Programs/National Research Council responsible for the CISD review, for fiscal years 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 fiscal years, and a technology contributor and participant on the U.S. Commerce Department’s Information Systems Technical Advisory Council (ISTAC), from 1999 to the present. Mr. Angelo was named a distinguished lecturer for 2004 and 2005 by Sigma XI, the Scientific Research Society. He currently holds 49 patents, most in the area of security and authentication, and was also named the 2003 Inventor of the Year for the City of Houston by the Houston Intellectual Property Lawyers Association.

 

Scott C. Taylor.  Mr. Taylor has been a director since July 5, 2007. Mr. Taylor has been the Vice President, Corporate Legal Services for Symantec Corporation (NASDAQ: SYMC), the global leader in consumer and enterprise security and availability software solutions, since February 2007. From January 2002 to February 2007, Mr. Taylor worked for Phoenix Technologies Ltd, a public (NASDAQ: PTEC) software and firmware company. Prior to 2002, Mr. Taylor has worked at Narus Inc, Symantec Corporation, Pillsbury Madison & Sutro LLP (now Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP), ICF Incorporated (now ICF Consulting) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in various roles. Mr. Taylor has been admitted to practice law in the State of California since 1993 and is an advisory Board Member at Langtech (IT infrastructure consulting and outsourced management). He is the Co-chair of General Counsel Committee (and former board member) of the Silicon Valley Campaign for Legal Services and maintains a Top Secret security clearance with the U.S. government. Mr. Taylor has a B.A. in International Relations from Stanford University and a J.D. from George Washington University.

 

Significant Employees

 

Robert Dunham Short III.  Mr. Short has been the Chief Scientist for VirnetX since May 2007. From February 2000 to April 2007, Mr. Short was Assistant Vice President and Division Manager at Science Applications International Corporation (“SAIC”) (NYSE: SAI), a leading provider of services and solutions to all branches of the U.S. military, agencies of the Department of Defense, the intelligence community, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and other U.S. government civil agencies, as well as to customers in selected commercial markets. From 1994 to February 2000, he also held various other positions at SAIC. Prior to SAIC, he has also worked at ARCO Power Technologies, Inc. (Atlantic Richfield Petroleum), Sperry Corporate Technology Center and Sperry Research Center. Mr. Short is named as a co-inventor on all the patents in the VirnetX patent portfolio. He holds a TS/SCI security clearance. He has a Ph.D in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University along with a M.S. in Mathematics and a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Virginia Tech.

 

Kathleen Sheehan.  Ms. Sheehan has been the Vice President, Administration and Human Resources for VirnetX since December 2005. Ms. Sheehan was also the Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of VirnetX from March 2006 until July 5, 2007. From September 2004 to July 2005, Ms. Sheehan focused on equity raise and pre-incorporation activities related to VirnetX. From September 2002 to September 2004, Ms. Sheehan was a Commercial Property Manager for JBD Properties, a real estate developer. Prior to September 2002, she worked for Armen and Associates as an Executive Recruiter. She has also worked at CHW Advertising (Senior Director of Human Resources), Modis/SAP (Human Resources and Office Manager) and as an executive recruiter for top level executives in the e-commerce & advertising industry.

 

Sameer Mathur.  Mr. Mathur has been the Vice President, Corporate Development and Marketing for VirnetX since July 5, 2007. Prior to that date, Mr. Mathur was the Vice President, Business Development of VirnetX since

April 2006. From March 2004 to April 2006, Mr. Mathur was Product Line Manager for SonicWALL Inc (NASDAQ: SNWL), a leading provider of Internet security solutions. From April 2003 to March 2004, Mr. Mathur was Senior Product Manager for Zone Labs Inc, a leading provider of Internet security software. From June 1996 to April 2003, he was Senior Product Marketing Manager of Phoenix Technologies Ltd, a public (NASDAQ: PTEC) software and firmware company. Prior to June 1996, Mr. Mathur has worked in various engineering and marketing roles for OEC Japan, IBM Japan, Pertech Computers Ltd. Mr. Mathur has a B.S. in Engineering from Gujarat University, India.

 

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

 

Overview

 

The goals of our executive compensation program are to attract, retain, motivate and reward executive officers who contribute to our success and to incentivize these executives on both a short-term and long-term basis to achieve our business objectives. This program combines cash and equity awards in the proportions that we believe will motivate our executive officers to increase shareholder value over the long-term.

 

Our executive compensation program is designed to achieve the following objectives:

 

 

Executive Compensation Program Objectives and Framework

 

Our executive compensation program has two primary components: (1) base salary, and (2) equity grants. Base salaries for our executive officers are a minimum fixed level of compensation consistent with or below competitive market practice. Equity grants awarded to our executive officers are designed to ensure that incentive compensation is linked to our long-term company performance, promote retention and align our executives’ long-term interests with shareholders’ long-term interests.

 

Executive compensation is reviewed annually by our Board of Directors, and adjustments are made to reflect company objectives and competitive conditions.

 

Role of Our Compensation Committee

 

Our Compensation Committee, made up of independent directors of the Board of Directors, oversees the Company’s executive compensation program. In this capacity, the individual directors review compensation levels of executive officers, evaluate performance of executive officers, and consider management succession and related matters.

 

Current Executive Compensation Program Elements

 

Our executive compensation program consists of the elements described in the following sections. The Compensation Committee determines the portion of compensation allocated to each element for each individual executive officer. Our Compensation Committee expects to continue these policies in the short-term but will reevaluate the current policies and practices as it considers advisable.

 

The Compensation Committee believes based on their general business and industry experience and knowledge that the use of the combination of base salary and long-term incentives (including stock option or other stock-based awards) offers the best approach to achieving our compensation goals, including attracting and retaining talented and capable executives and motivating our executives and other officers to expend maximum effort to improve the business results, earnings and overall value of our business.

Base Salaries

 

Base salaries for our executive officers are established based on the scope of their responsibilities, taking into account competitive market compensation for similar positions, as well as seniority of the individual, our ability to replace the individual and other primarily judgmental factors deemed relevant by the Compensation Committee. Generally, we believe that executive base salaries should be targeted near the median of the range of salaries for executives in similar positions with similar responsibilities at comparable companies, in line with our compensation philosophy. Base salaries for our executive officers are reviewed annually or at other appropriate times by the Compensation Committee and may be increased from time to time pursuant to such review and/or in accordance with guidelines contained in the various employment agreements in order to realign salaries with market levels after taking into account individual responsibilities, performance and experience.

 

Long-term Incentive Equity Awards

 

Our Board of Directors has adopted the VirnetX 2005 Stock Plan, which provides for the grant of incentive stock options (within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code) and non-qualified stock options to eligible employees and consultants of the Company and non-employee directors of the Company. We intend to seek the approval of our stockholders for the adoption of the VirnetX 2005 Stock Plan by written consent of our stockholders, which we expect to occur within the next three months, but in no event will it occur later than July 4, 2008.

 

Policy with Respect to Section 162(m)

 

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code generally disallows public companies from utilizing a tax deduction for compensation in excess of $1,000,000 paid to their chief executive officers and the four other most highly compensated executive officers unless certain performance and other requirements are met. Our intent generally is to design and administer executive compensation programs in a manner that will preserve the deductibility of compensation paid to our executive officers, and we believe that a substantial portion of our current executive compensation program (including the stock options and other awards that may be granted to our executive officers as described above) satisfies the requirements for exemption from the $1,000,000 deduction limitation. However, we reserve the right to design programs that recognize a full range of performance criteria important to our success, even where the compensation paid under such programs may not be deductible. The Board of Directors will continue to monitor the tax and other consequences of our executive compensation program as part of its primary objective of ensuring that compensation paid to our executive officers is reasonable, performance-based and consistent with the goals of the Company and its stockholders.

Compensation of VirnetX Holding Corporation Executive Officers and Directors

 

Summary Compensation

 

For the three most recently completed fiscal years, no compensation was paid to any executive officer of VirnetX Holding Corporation. Between February and May 2007, William E. Sliney received $30,000 for his services as President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of VirnetX Holding Corporation.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

 

None of the VirnetX Holding Corporation executive officers held any options or other equity awards at December 31, 2006.

 

Director Compensation

 

None of the VirnetX Holding Corporation directors received any compensation for service as a director of VirnetX Holding Corporation during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.

 

Employment Contracts

 

None of the VirnetX Holding Corporation executive officers has an employment agreement with VirnetX Holding Corporation. VirnetX Holding Corporation intends to enter into an employment agreement with each of its key employees.

 

Compensation of VirnetX Executive Officers and Directors

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

In connection with the consummation of the merger with VirnetX, VirnetX’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Kendall Larsen, became the President and Chief Executive Officer of VirnetX Holding Corporation. In addition, Mr. Sliney, who served until July 5, 2007 as VirnetX Holding Corporation’s President (from August 2001), Chief Financial Officer (from April 1999), Secretary (from December 2001), and member of VirnetX Holding Corporation’s Board of Directors (from October 2000), will continue as our Chief Financial Officer on an interim basis. The following table sets forth the compensation paid for services rendered to VirnetX since inception by its President and Chief Executive Officer. There were no other executive officers during the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2006. All information relating to option awards reflects the exchange of VirnetX options for VirnetX Holding Corporation options in the merger.

 

 

 

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

 

The following table provides information as to options held by each of the executive officers of VirnetX at December 31, 2006. The figures set forth in the table reflect the exchange of VirnetX options for VirnetX Holding Corporation options pursuant to the merger on a post-split basis.

 

 

On March 3, 2006, Kendall Larsen was granted VirnetX options, which were exchanged for fully-vested VirnetX Holding Corporation options to purchase 41,516 post-split shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.24087 per post-split share pursuant to the merger. In addition, Mr. Larsen held restricted shares of VirnetX common stock, purchased at $0.0003 per post-split share on October 14, 2005, all of which are fully vested, which were exchanged for 1,660,638 post-split shares of our common stock pursuant to the merger. Neither VirnetX nor VirnetX Holding Corporation has granted plan-based awards to any executive officers in fiscal 2007.

 

Director Compensation

 

VirnetX has historically not paid any of its directors for their services as directors. We intend to compensate our non-employee directors at competitive rates.

 

Employment Contracts

 

VirnetX intends to enter into employment agreements with each of its key employees.

 

Equity Incentive Plans

 

On April 17, 1998, we adopted an equity incentive program. Under this program, we may grant incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock bonuses and rights to acquire restricted stock to employees, directors and consultants (except for incentive stock options which may only be granted to employees). The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under this program is 150,580 post-split shares. As of December 31, 2006, there were no outstanding options or rights under this program. In connection with the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX, we assumed and our Board of Directors has adopted the VirnetX 2005 Stock Plan as amended to cover awards of shares of our common stock. The total number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the VirnetX Plan is 11,624,469, of which as of October 31, 2007, there were 4,028,418 shares remaining available for future grants. We intend to seek the approval of our stockholders for the adoption of the VirnetX Plan by written consent of our stockholders, which is expected to occur within the next three months, but in no event will it occur later than July 4, 2008.

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

In connection with the consummation of the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX, we assumed certain obligations under an Advisory Service Agreement dated November 6, 2006 by and between VirnetX and MDB Capital Group LLC, as amended by the terms of that certain Release Agreement between the same parties, which was executed on July 5, 2007. MDB Capital Group was a stockholder of VirnetX prior to the merger and Christopher Marlett, a principal at MDB Capital Group, is currently one of our stockholders as a result of the merger. Christopher Marlett, as of July 5, 2007, beneficially owned approximately 6.7% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. MDB Capital Group’s affiliates include Anthony DiGiandomenico and Robert Levande, each of whom is one of our existing stockholders as a result of the merger.

 

Additionally, in connection with the consummation of the merger, we entered into the following agreements and transactions with certain of our directors, executive officers and 5% stockholders:

 

Indemnification Agreements

 

We entered into Indemnification Agreements with each person who became one of VirnetX Holding Corporation’s directors or officers in connection with the consummation of the merger, pursuant to which, among other things, we will indemnify such directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, and provide for advancement of legal expenses under certain circumstances.

 

Registration Rights Agreement

 

Effective as of July 5, 2007, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with all of the persons who were issued shares of our common stock and securities convertible into shares of our common stock in the merger.

 

Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, commencing six months after the closing of the merger, the securityholders have a right to request that we register for resale (a) the shares of common stock issued to such persons in the merger and (b) the shares of common stock underlying convertible notes, options and warrants issued to such persons in the merger. We are required to cause each such registration statement filed as a result of such requests to be declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as possible after the filing thereof and to keep such registration statement continuously effective under the Securities Act until the earlier of (i) the date when all shares included in the registration statement have been sold; (ii) the date that all shares can be sold pursuant to Rule 144; and (iii) one year from the effective date of such registration statement. In addition, the San Gabriel group of investors have the right to have their 5,333,333 shares registered for resale on the registration statement filed with respect to this offering.

 

Additionally, the Registration Rights Agreement provides the securityholders with “piggyback” registration rights such that at any time there is not an effective registration statement covering the common stock described above and we file a registration statement relating to an offering for our own account or the account of others under the Securities Act, other than in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity securities issuable in connection with stock options or other employee benefit plans and other than in connection with this offering, then we are required to send notice to the securityholders of such intended filing at least 20 days prior to filing such registration statement and we are required to automatically include in such registration statement all shares of common stock issued in the merger and all shares of common stock underlying convertible notes, options and warrants issued in the merger.

 

Each securityholder also has indemnified us, our directors, officers, agents, and certain other control persons against damages arising out of or based upon: (i) such securityholder’s failure to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act or (ii) such securityholder’s provision of any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact to be contained in any registration statement or prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any such securityholder’s omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements contained in such registration statement or prospectus not misleading.

Lock-Up Agreements

 

Effective as of July 5, 2007, we entered into a Lock-Up Agreement with certain of the persons who were issued shares of our common stock in the merger and all persons who exchanged VirnetX options for VirnetX Holding Corporation options in the merger, pursuant to which we imposed certain restrictions on the sale of our common stock or any securities convertible into or which may be exercised to purchase any shares of our common stock acquired in connection with the merger for a period of at least 12 months after the consummation of the merger; provided that the lockup period may be extended under certain circumstances. In addition, all of our officers and directors, as well as those stockholders listed in the resale prospectus filed with this registration statement have entered into a Lock-Up Agreement with the underwriter for a period commencing on the date hereof and ending 12 months from the effective date of the registration statement; provided, however, that if the average closing price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 150% of the public offering price of the shares to be offered for 15 consecutive trading days during the lock-up period, the shares of common stock held by the San Gabriel group of investors shall be released from the lock-up by our underwriter. The San Gabriel group of investors owns 5,333,333 shares of our common stock that are subject to this release provision.

 

Transactions Between the Company and William E. Sliney

 

Until July 5, 2007, the Company utilized the office space and equipment of its then officer, William E. Sliney, at no cost. Management estimates the value thereof to be immaterial.

 

Promoters and Control Persons

 

Glenn Russell was a founder and owned approximately 60% of the outstanding shares of VirnetX Holding Corporation immediately prior to the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX. Mr. Russell received no compensation in connection with the merger between VirnetX and VirnetX Holding Corporation. Mr. Russell’s historical compensation from VirnetX Holding Corporation in his capacity as its Chief Executive Officer prior to the merger has been disclosed in VirnetX Holding Corporation’s reports filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

Director Independence

 

Three members of the Board of Directors, Scott C. Taylor, Michael F. Angelo and Thomas M. O’Brien, qualify as “independent” directors under the definition of “independent director” in the listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. -Marketplace Rule 4200, so that a majority of the members of our Board are “independent.” Although our securities are not currently traded on a national securities exchange that would require a majority of our directors to be “independent,” we intend to comply with the independence provisions on a voluntary basis.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

 

On a post-split basis, we are authorized to issue an aggregate of 110,000,000 shares of capital stock, 100,000,000 of which are shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 10,000,000 of which are shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. As of October 31, 2007, on a post-split basis, 31,217,198 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding and no shares of our preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

 

Common Stock

 

All outstanding shares of our common stock are of the same class and have equal rights and attributes.

 

Voting.  The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Our common stock does not have cumulative voting rights. Persons who hold a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock entitled to vote on the election of directors can elect all of the directors who are eligible for election.

 

Dividends.  Subject to the preferential dividend rights and consent rights of any series of preferred stock that we may from time to time designate, holders of our common stock are entitled to share equally in dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available.

 

Liquidation and Dissolution.  In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, subject to the preferential liquidation rights of any series of preferred stock that we may from time to time designate, the holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of our assets remaining after payment of all liabilities and preferential liquidation rights.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of shares of preferred stock with designations, rights and preferences determined from time to time by our Board of Directors. Accordingly, our Board of Directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting, or other rights which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the common stock. In the event of issuance, the preferred stock could be utilized, under certain circumstances, as a method of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company.

 

The descriptions of our common stock and preferred stock above are only summaries and are qualified in their entirety by the provisions of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws, copies of which are attached or referenced as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Warrants

 

On a post-split basis, warrants for the issuance of up to 266,667 shares of our common stock are outstanding, all of which are exercisable at a price of $0.75 per share, and all of which are subject to the Lock-Up Agreement described above. These warrants are exercisable for a period of five years beginning on July 5, 2007 and may be exercised on a cashless exercise basis. These warrants provide for anti-dilution protection in the event of stock splits and dividends.

 

In addition, on a post-split basis, we will issue warrants for the issuance of up to 300,000 shares of our common stock to the underwriter with respect to this offering, with an exercise price equal to the 120% of the price to public in this offering. These warrants are exercisable for a period commencing on the first anniversary of the closing of this offering and for a period of four years thereafter. These warrants provide for anti-dilution protection in the event of stock splits and dividends. The shares of common stock underlying these warrants are being registered in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

The descriptions of the warrants are only a summary and are qualified in their entirety by the provisions of the forms of warrant, which are attached or referenced as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

Transfer agent and registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Corporate Stock Transfer, Inc. of Denver, Colorado.

 

MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON COMMON EQUITY
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

Market Information

 

Our common stock is traded in the over-the-counter market on the Nasdaq OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “VNXH.” The following table shows the price range of our common stock for each quarter ended during the last two fiscal years and for the first three quarters of fiscal 2007 on a post-split basis.

 

 

On October 30, 2007, on a post-split basis, the average of the high ask and low bid prices, respectively, of our common stock as reported on the OTC Bulletin Board, was $5.05 per share. The source of the information provided in the table above is the OTC Bulletin Board^®, Quarterly Trade and Quote Summary Report, and represents prices between dealers without adjustments for retail markups, markdowns or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.

 

Holders

 

As of October 1, 2007, there were approximately 97 holders of record of our common stock.

 

Dividends

 

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock, and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our current policy is to retain earnings, if any, to fund operations, and the development and growth of our business. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, operation results, capital requirements, applicable contractual restrictions, restrictions in our organizational documents, and any other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant.

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

 

On April 17, 1998, we adopted an equity incentive program. Under this program, we may grant incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock bonuses and rights to acquire restricted stock to employees, directors and consultants (except for incentive stock options which may only be granted to employees). The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under this program is 150,580 shares post-split. As of December 31, 2006, there were no outstanding options or rights under this program. In connection with the merger between VirnetX Holding Corporation and VirnetX, we assumed and our Board of Directors has adopted the VirnetX 2005 Stock Plan as amended to cover awards of shares of our common stock. The total number

of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the VirnetX Plan is 11,624,469, of which as of October 31, 2007, there were 4,028,418 shares remaining available for future grants. We intend to seek the approval of our stockholders for the adoption of the VirnetX Plan by written consent of our stockholders, which is expected to occur within the next three months, but in no event will it be held later than July 4, 2008.

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

We believe Microsoft Corporation is infringing certain of our patents. Accordingly, we commenced a lawsuit against Microsoft on February 15, 2007 by filing a complaint in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Tyler Division. Pursuant to the complaint, we allege that Microsoft infringes two of our U.S. patents: U.S. Patent No. 6,502,135 B1, entitled “Agile Network Protocol for Secure Communications with Assured System Availability,” and U.S. Patent No. 6,839,759 B2, entitled “Method for Establishing Secure Communication Link Between Computers of Virtual Private Network Without User Entering Any Cryptographic Information.” On April 5, 2007, we filed an amended complaint specifying certain accused products at issue and alleging infringement of a third, recently issued U.S. patent: U.S. Patent No. 7,188,180 B2, entitled “Method for Establishing Secure Communication Link Between Computers of Virtual Private Network.” We are seeking both damages, in an amount subject to proof at trial, and injunctive relief. Microsoft answered the amended complaint and asserted counterclaims against us on May 4, 2007. Microsoft counterclaimed for declarations that the three patents are not infringed, are invalid and are unenforceable. Microsoft seeks an award of its attorneys’ fees and costs. We filed a reply to Microsoft’s counterclaims on May 24, 2007. Discovery has begun and the trial is scheduled to begin on October 12, 2009. We have served our infringement contentions directed to certain of Microsoft’s operating system and unified messaging and collaboration applications.

 

Because we have determined that Microsoft’s alleged unauthorized use of our patents would cause us severe economic harm and the failure to cause Microsoft to discontinue its use of such patents could result in the termination of our business, we have dedicated a significant portion of our economic resources, to date, to the prosecution of the Microsoft litigation and expect to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.

 

Although we believe Microsoft infringes three of our patents and we intend to vigorously prosecute this case, at this stage of the litigation the outcome cannot be predicted with any degree of reasonable certainty. Additionally, the Microsoft litigation will be costly and time-consuming, and we can provide no assurance that we will obtain a judgment against Microsoft for damages and/or injunctive relief. Should the District Court issue a judgment in favor of Microsoft, and in connection with such judgment determine that we had acted in bad faith or with fraudulent intent, or we were otherwise found to have exhibited inequitable conduct, the Court could award attorney fees to Microsoft, which would be payable by the Company.

 

In the near term, we will dedicate significant time and resources to the Microsoft litigation. The risks associated with such dedication of time and resources are set forth in the Risk Factors section of this prospectus.

 

One or more potential intellectual property infringement claims may also be available to us against certain other companies who have the resources to defend against any such claims. Although we believe these potential claims are worth pursuing, commencing a lawsuit can be expensive and time-consuming, and there is no assurance that we will prevail on such potential claims. In addition, bringing a lawsuit may lead to potential counterclaims which may preclude our ability to commercialize our initial products, which are currently in development.

 

Currently, we are not a party to any other pending legal proceedings, and are not aware of any proceeding threatened or contemplated against us by any governmental authority or other party.

 

INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

 

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with various actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative other than an action by or in the right of the corporation, a derivative action, if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, if they had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification only extends to expenses including attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such actions, and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. The statute provides that it is not exclusive of other indemnification that may be granted by a corporation’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws, agreement, a vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that we will indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time, each person that such section grants us the power to indemnify.

 

The Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for:

 

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, none of our directors will be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. Any repeal or modification of this provision will be prospective only and will not adversely affect any limitation, right or protection of a director of our company existing at the time of such repeal or modification.

 

PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth certain information known to us with respect to the beneficial ownership (as defined in Instruction 4 to Item 403 of Regulation S-B under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of our common stock as of October 31, 2007, on a post-split basis, by (i) each person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities, (ii) each of our directors and executive officers, and (iii) all of our executive officers and directors as a group.

 

Except as indicated by footnote, and subject to applicable community property laws, each person identified in the table possesses sole voting and investment power with respect to all capital stock shown to be held by that person. The address of each executive officer and director, unless indicated otherwise by footnote, is c/o Kendall Larsen, 5615 Scotts Valley Drive, Suite 110, Scotts Valley, California 95066.

 

 

 

 

UNDERWRITING

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of an underwriting agreement, Gilford Securities Incorporated has agreed to purchase 3,000,000 shares of common stock from us. The underwriting agreement will provide that our underwriter is committed to purchase all shares offered in this offering, other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below. The resale by our stockholders of up to 5,333,333 shares of our common stock and 266,667 shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of warrants will not be offered for sale through our underwriter but will be registered pursuant to a separate prospectus covering such securities being filed with the SEC simultaneously with the filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. In the underwriting agreement, our underwriter’s obligations are subject to approval of certain legal matters by their counsel, including, without limitation, the authorization and validity of the shares, and of various other customary conditions, representations and warranties contained in the underwriting agreement, such as receipt by our underwriter of officers’ certificates and legal opinions of our counsel.

 

Commissions and Discounts

 

Our underwriter has advised us that it proposes to offer the shares directly to the public at the price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and to certain dealers that are members of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., at such price less a concession not in excess of $           per share. Our underwriter may allow, and the selected dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $           per share to certain brokers and dealers. After the offering, the offering price and concessions and discounts to brokers and dealers and other selling terms may from time to time be changed by our underwriter.

 

The following table sets forth the public offering price and underwriting discount to be paid by us to our underwriter and the proceeds, before expenses, to us. This information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by our underwriter of its over-allotment option.

 

 

 

 

Warrants

 

In addition, we have agreed to issue to our underwriter at the closing of this offering, for nominal consideration, warrants to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to 10% of the number of shares sold in this offering, exclusive of the over-allotment option. These warrants will be exercisable for a four year period commencing on the first anniversary of the closing date of this offering at an exercise price equal to 120% of the price of our common stock offered by this prospectus, or $      per share. These warrants will be restricted from sale, transfer, assignment or hypothecation for a period of one year from the closing of this offering by our underwriter, except to officers of our underwriter and broker-dealers participating in this offering and their bona fide officers and partners, by operation of law or by reason of our reorganization. The NASD views these warrants as

underwriting compensation and requires that the warrants be locked up for 180 days following the effectiveness of this offering pursuant to NASD Conduct Rule 2710 (g)(1).

 

These warrants contain provisions for appropriate adjustment in the event of any merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split or similar transaction. The warrants do not entitle our underwriter or a permissible transferee to any rights as a shareholder until the warrants are exercised and shares of our common stock are purchased pursuant to the exercise of the warrants.

 

These warrants and the shares of our common stock issuable upon their exercise may not be offered for sale except in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We are registering the shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Electronic Distribution; Directed Share Program

 

Our underwriter has advised us that it will not engage in any electronic offer, sale or distribution of our shares. Neither we nor our underwriter will use any third party to host or provide access to our preliminary prospectus on the internet.

 

We will not have a directed share program for our employees or any others.

 

Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids

 

Until the distribution of the shares is completed, SEC rules may limit our underwriter from bidding for and purchasing our common stock. In connection with this offering, however, our underwriter may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

 

These stabilizing transactions, covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. Neither we nor our underwriter makes any prediction or any representation as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. Neither we nor our underwriter makes any representation that our underwriter will engage in these transactions. These

transactions may be effected on the American Stock Exchange or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued without notice at any time.

 

Lock-Up Arrangements

 

We have agreed with our underwriter not to directly or indirectly offer for sale, sell, contract to sell, grant any option for the sale of, or otherwise issue or dispose of, any shares of our common stock, options to acquire common shares or any related security or instrument, for a period of 13 months from the closing of this offering, without the prior written consent of our underwriter, except in limited circumstances.

 

Our officers and directors who beneficially own 8,822,246 shares of common stock, including 409,105 shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, and all stockholders whose securities are included in the resale prospectus included in this registration statement who own 5,600,000 shares of our common stock (including 266,667 shares of common stock underlying warrants), have agreed with our underwriter not to sell their shares of common stock for 12 months from the closing of this offering without the written consent of our underwriter; provided, however, that if the average closing price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 150% of the public offering price of the shares to be offered for 15 consecutive trading days during the lock-up period, the shares of common stock held by the San Gabriel group of investors shall be released from the lock-up by our underwriter. The San Gabriel group of investors owns 5,333,333 shares of our common stock that are subject to this release provision. Following the expiration of the lock-up agreement with our underwriter, shares of our common stock held beneficially by our officers and directors will remain subject to holding period restrictions on sale or other transfer under Rule 144 of the Securities Act. The shares registered in the resale prospectus may be immediately sold following the expiration of the lock-up agreement.

 

Our underwriter has no present intention to waive or shorten the lock-up period. The granting of any waiver of release would be conditioned, in the judgment of our underwriter, on such sale not materially adversely impacting the prevailing trading market for our common stock on the OTC Bulletin Board or the Nasdaq Capital Market, as applicable. Specifically, factors such as average trading volume, recent price trends and the need for additional public float in the market for our common stock would be considered in evaluating such a request to waive or shorten the lockup period.

 

Board of Directors Observation Rights

 

For a period of three years after the date of this prospectus, our underwriter has the right to appoint an observer reasonably acceptable to us to attend all meetings of our board of directors. We will reimburse this person for expenses incurred in attending any meeting.

 

Indemnification

 

We have agreed to indemnify our underwriter and its controlling persons against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act or to contribute to payments that our underwriter may be required to make for such liabilities. However, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the shares of common stock being offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, Menlo Park, California. Lowell Ness, a partner of Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP is our Secretary. As of the completion of this offering, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP and partners in that firm beneficially own an aggregate of 124,548 shares of our common stock. Certain matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriter by Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, P.C., Denver, Colorado.

 

EXPERTS

 

The financial statements of VirnetX, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 and for the periods then ended included in the prospectus have been audited by the independent registered public accounting firm of Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP, to the extent and for the periods ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, and are included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP as experts in auditing and accounting. The consolidated financial statements of VirnetX Holding Corporation as of and for the periods therein indicated included in the prospectus have been audited by the independent registered public accounting firm of Farber Hass Hurley & McEwen, LLP, to the extent and for the periods set forth in their report appearing in this prospectus, and are included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of Farber Hass Hurley & McEwen, LLP as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We have filed a registration statement on Form SB-2 with the SEC of which this prospectus is a part under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement, and statements contained in this prospectus concerning the provisions of any document are not necessarily complete. For further information about us and the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus, you should read the registration statement including its exhibits.

 

We file annual reports on Form 10-KSB, quarterly reports of Form 10-QSB, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. You may read and copy this information at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at (800) 732-0330 for further information on the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room. The SEC also maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC’s web site is www.sec.gov.

 

We intend to furnish our holders of common stock with annual reports containing financial statements audited by an independent accounting firm and to make available quarterly reports containing unaudited financial information for the first three quarters of each year.

 

PROVISION FOR INDEMNIFICATION

 

Commission Position on Indemnification

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and their respective controlling persons, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

 

Delaware General Corporation Law

 

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any threatened, pending or completed actions, suits or proceedings in which such person is made a party by reason of such person being or having been a director, officer, employee or agent to the company. The Delaware General Corporation Law provides that Section 145 is not exclusive of other rights to which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

 

Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, for unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases, redemptions or other distributions or for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

 

Certificate of Incorporation

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the personal liability of the directors of the Company shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the provisions of Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same may be amended and supplemented.

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the provisions of Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same may be amended and supplemented, indemnify any and all persons whom it shall have power to indemnify under said section from and against any and all of the expenses, liabilities or other matters referred to in or covered by said section, and the indemnification provided for therein shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those indemnified may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

 

Indemnification Agreements

 

We have also entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and officers. The indemnification agreements provide indemnification to our directors and officers under certain circumstances for acts or omissions which may not be covered by directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

 

Liability Insurance

 

We have also obtained directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, which insures against liabilities that our directors or officers may incur in such capacities.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Financial Statements Index

 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS

 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

VirnetX, Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of VirnetX, Inc., (a development stage enterprise) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2005, and cumulatively for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amount and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of VirnetX, Inc., as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006 and for the period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2005 and for the cumulative period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As shown in the financial statements, the Company has incurred net losses since its inception and operating cash flow deficiencies, which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to those matters also are described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

 

Palo Alto, CA

April 30, 2007

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

BALANCE SHEETS

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

NOTES TO AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

 

VirnetX, Inc. (“VirnetX” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware on August 2, 2005. VirnetX is a development stage company that is commercializing its patent portfolio to provide solutions for secure “real time” communications such as Instant Messaging (IM) and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).

 

Most of the Company’s issued and pending patents were acquired from SAIC, a systems, solutions and technical services company based in San Diego, California, in 2006. VirnetX has granted SAIC a limited license under these patents, but retains all right title and interest within the field of secure communications in the following areas: Virtual Private Networks; Secure Voice Over Internet Protocol; Electronic Mail (E-mail); Video Conferencing; Communications Logging; Dynamic Uniform Resource Locators; Denial of Service; Prevention of Functional Intrusions; IP Hopping; Voice Messaging and Unified Messaging; Live Voice and IP PBXs; Voice Web Video Conferencing and Collaboration; Instant Messaging; Minimized Impact of Viruses; and Secure Session Initiation Protocol. The field of use is not limited by any predefined transport mode or medium of communication (e.g., wire, fiber, wireless, or mixed medium).

 

The Company is in the development stage and consequently, the Company is subject to the risks associated with development stage companies, including the need for additional financings; the uncertainty of the Company’s intellectual property resulting in successful commercial products as well as the marketing and customer acceptance of such products; competition from larger organizations; dependence on key personnel; uncertain patent protection; and dependence on corporate partners and collaborators. To achieve successful operations, the Company may require additional capital to continue research and development and marketing efforts. No assurance can be given as to the timing or ultimate success of obtaining future funding.

 

The Company completed a 1 for 3 reverse stock split of its common stock and preferred stock which became effective on October 29, 2007. The financial statements have been adjusted retroactively to reflect this 1 for 3 reverse stock split of the common stock and preferred stock.

 

 

Basis of Presentation

 

These financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis that contemplates the realization of assets and discharged liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has incurred net operating losses and negative cash flows from operations. At December 31, 2006, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $2,283,817. In order to continue its operations, the Company must achieve profitable operations or obtain additional financing. Management is currently pursuing financing alternatives, including private equity or debt financing, collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners or other sources. There can be no assurance, however, that such a financing will be successfully completed on terms acceptable to the Company. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

NOTES TO AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to seven years. Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred.

 

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

 

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily maintained at one financial institution in the United States. Deposits held with these financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. The balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $100,000. At December 31, 2006, the Company’s uninsured cash balances were $46,153. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

 

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

The Company reports comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, which establishes standards for reporting comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the financial statements. Comprehensive loss was equal to net loss for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 and for the cumulative period from August 2, 2005 (date of inception) to December 31, 2006.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development costs include expenses paid to outside development consultants and compensation related expenses for our engineering staff. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

 

During 2006, 76% of research and development expenses were related to one outside design consultant.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

 

Fair value of Financial Instruments

 

Carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” (“SFAS 123(R)”) which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense in the statement of operations for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options based on estimated fair values. Using

 

VirnetX, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)

NOTES TO AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

the modified retrospective transition method of adopting SFAS 123(R), the herein financial statements presented reflect compensation expense for stock-based awards as if the provisions of SFAS 123(R) had been applied from the date of inception.

 

In addition, as required by Emerging Issues Task Force Consensus No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services, the Company records stock and options granted to non-employees at fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity investments issued as they vest over the performance period.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Financial Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”), which is a change in accounting for income taxes. FIN 48 specifies how tax benefits for uncertain tax positions are to be recognized, measured, and derecognized in financial statements; requires certain disclosures of uncertain tax matters; specifies how reserves for uncertain tax positions should be classified on the balance sheet; and provides transition and interim-period guidance, among other provisions. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of FIN 48 on its financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements, but provides guidance on how to measure fair value by providing a fair value hierarchy used to classify the source of the information. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on its financial statements.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 provides entities with the option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Business entities adopting SFAS 159 will report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date on items for which fair value option has been elected. SFAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 requires additional information that will help investors and other financial statement users to understand the effect of an entity’s choice to use fair value on its earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS 159 may have on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.